These are the types of abnormality that originate in the lifetime of an organism means they are not present since the birth of an organism. Examples of these are coronary artery disease and disease associated with heart valves.
Question 1: What happens in Coronary Artery Disease?
Answer: It means that blood doesn't properly flow across the vessels.
Explanation: This is the case where the lumen of the arteries becomes less, inhibiting the blood flow through the arteries.
Question 2: Why is Kawasaki disease caused in children?
Answer: Because of the inflammation of coronary arteries, swelling occurs in them.
Explanation: The inflammation inhibits the proper oxygen-rich blood in the heart and body so it causes this disease, the electrocardiogram is mostly done to detect this disease.
Question 3: In which disease the heart valves are damaged?
Answer: Rheumatic heart disease.
Explanation: The heart valves are damaged which leads to leakage and surgery is required to overcome this disease.
Question 4: In which disease, do the heart muscles become stiff and thick abnormally?
Answer: Cardiomyopathy.
Explanation: It is a rare disease of various types such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and dilated cardiomyopathy where the heart becomes an abnormally stiff loss of elasticity as well.
Question 5: Which of the following is not pediatric acquired heart disease?
1) Kawasaki disease.
2) Rheumatic heart disease
3) Both 1 and 2.
4) Ventricular septal defect.
Answer: Option (4)
Explanation: The ventricular septal defect is a congenital heart defect, not an acquired heart defect.
Question 6: Which plaque causes atherosclerosis in the vessels?
Answer: Atheromatous plaque.
Explanation: Atheromatous plaque is made up of lipids and cholesterol and reduces the lumen by up to 30% so this plaque mainly causes atherosclerosis.
Question 7: What are the symptoms of angina pectoris disease?
Answer: Suffocation and discomfort in the chest.
Explanation: In this type of disease, the blood is not properly supplied to the heart and thus in serious causes, it may cause myocardial infarction.
Question 8: What happens in Myocardial infarction?
Answer: Myocardial infarction means the death of the tissue of the heart muscle.
Explanation: Myocardial infarction cause because of the blockage of vessels in the heart mainly the coronary artery and it is cured by doing surgery.
Question 9: What is the reason for sudden cardiac death?
Answer: Due to ventricular fibrillation.
Explanation: It is mainly due to the defect of ventricular muscles and abnormality in electrical cardiac activity. So therefore electrical shocks ( electrical defibrillation) are given to patients in the first few minutes.
Question 10: What is the meaning of Bradycardia?
Answer: Heart rate becomes slow.
Explanation: Bradycardia results in the abnormality of two things firstly when the sinoatrial node doesnt function properly results in slower impulse generation in heart and second the ventricular rate also becomes slow.