( CHDs) congenital heart defects are means they are present from birth, these defects affect the structure and functioning of the heart, heart valves, and vessels of the heart as well, these defects can be mild and severe based defects in heart structure.
Question 1: Which test is used to treat CHDs before the birth of the baby?
Answer: Ultrasound or fetal electrocardiogram.
Explanation: This test is used to diagnose some defects not all the defects of the babies, the electrocardiogram is used to create pictures of the heart to learn about the defects.
Question 2: Can CHDs be lethal for an organism?
Answer: yes.
Explanation: Congenital heart diseases are lethal sometimes because they cause serious complications and they cannot be detected at early stages so their seriousness becomes increases with time and thus cause death.
Question 3: What kind of screening is done in case of critical CHDs?
Answer: Pulse oximetry.
Explanation: Oximetry means to test the amount of oxygen present in the blood if the amount is less then it can be a case of critical CHDs. It must be used along with physical examination.
Question 4: What happens in the case of an atrial septal defect?
Answer: When there is a hole between the septum that separates two atria.
Explanation: The atrial septal defect creates defects in the septum that separates the two atria by creating holes and thus increases the amount of blood in the lungs that have a very damaging effect in the vessels present in the lungs.
Question 5: What is the main sign through which atrial septal defect is detected?
Answer: The sound of the murmur from the heart when listening with a stethoscope.
Explanation: If the sound of a murmur is coming from the heart, the ultrasound of the heart means an electrocardiogram is done to check the level of the defect in the heart.
Question 6: What is the reason for hypoplastic left heart syndrome?
Answer: The left part of the heart doesn’t develop correctly during pregnancy.
Explanation: In this disease, the left part has a defect so the blood doesn’t flow normally in the heart and it is cured by doing surgery just after the birth of the child.
Question 7: What type of heart defect causes imperfection in the flow of blood from the right ventricle to the main pulmonary artery?
Answer: Pulmonary atresia.
Explanation: In this type of defect, the blood usually does not flow through the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery so blood tries to find other ways out to go out of the heart and thus cause imperfections in the heart.
Question 8: What happens in tricuspid atresia?
Answer: The tricuspid valve is absent.
Explanation: The tricuspid valve is present between the right atrium and right ventricle and if a valve doesn’t present, the blood is unable to flow from the right atrium to the right ventricle, so the child needs immediate surgery after birth.
Question 9: In which type of defect the structure of the aorta is narrow from the usual structure?
Answer: Coarctation of heart.
Explanation: This type of defect comes in critical congenital defect because it needs immediate surgery after birth if the blood doesn’t flow properly.
Question 10: What happens in a disease arrhythmia?
Answer: In this case, the heart beats fast, slow, and very irregular.
Explanation: The heartbeat becomes irregular because of the inability of the heart to pump blood properly because of some surgical defects and sometimes without defects in the heart.