Macromolecules mean molecules that are larger in size and polymeric in nature. They are complex molecules made up of smaller subunits called monomers. Examples are carbohydrates and nucleic acids.
Nitrogen is the most abundant element in the atmosphere but all the macromolecules do not contain nitrogen, but nitrogen is present in proteins, nucleic acids. Carbohydrates do not contain nitrogen. But proteins always contain nitrogen because it is made up of amino acids.
Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen are present in all the macromolecules. The nitrogen element is not present in all the macromolecules. carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids are made up of these three elements mainly.
Chromatography is mainly used to separate carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids but they are of large molecular weight and contain both hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups so their adsorption process is sometimes quite low.
The macromolecules contain carbon sources and various other inorganic nutrients which are essential for the growth of microbes and microbes can themselves synthesize them or take them from the environment and they are called growth factors. amino acids, vitamins are examples.
Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids are the four main types of macromolecules that are used as fuel in the body. They are broken down by various enzymes in the body such as trypsin, lactase, maltase, and amylase, and then used and stored by the body.