Chemical equilibrium is a dynamic state at which the rate of forward reaction is equals to rate of backward reaction.At this point the number of reactant molecules converting into products and converting product molecules into reactants are the same.
The reactants and the products of chemical equilibrium are all in the same phase. Homogeneous equilibrium is further divided into two types . In the first type the reactions in which the number of molecules of a product is equal to the number of molecules of reactants. Reactions in which the number of molecules of the product is not equal to the total number of reactant molecules.
In this type reactants and products of chemical equilibrium are present in different phases
There are several factors like temperature, pressure and concentration of the system which affect equilibrium. Some important factors affecting chemical equilibrium are discussed below:
Question 1: Chemical equilibrium at which rate of forward reaction ___________ to rate of backward reaction
(a) Not equal
(b) Equals to
(c) Not similar
(d) No relation
Solution : Chemical equilibrium at which rate of forward reaction is equals to the rate of backward reaction.
Answer : (b(
Question 2: In chemical reaction represented as Backward reaction is the reaction in ________ converts to __________.
(a) Reactants to products
(b) Products to Reactants
(c) Substrates to intermediates
(d) All the above
Solution : In chemical reaction the backward reaction in which products get converted into reactants.
Answer : (a)
Question 3: Chemical equilibrium is ________ state
(a) Dynamic state
(b) Static state
(c) Both dynamic and static state
(d) All the above
Solution : Chemical equilibrium is dynamic state
Answer : (a)
A chemical equilibrium can be defined as the stage of a reversible chemical reaction when the rate of forward and backward reactions are equal to each other.
Chemical equilibrium is a stage of a reversible chemical reaction when the concentrations of reactant and product do not change with time. It can be classified as two types:
The thermodynamic of chemical equilibrium can be explained with the help of equilibrium constant and ΔG°as given below:
ΔG = ΔG° + 2.303 RTlog Q
At chemical equilibrium, the rate of forward and backward reaction. Therefore the concentration of reactant and product remain same with time. Therefore at equilibrium, the reactions seem to stop but both forward and backward reactions run in parallel so the concentration remains constant. Since reactions continuously run with constant concentration it is called dynamic equilibrium.
The chemical equilibrium constant is the best expression to check the progress of chemical equilibrium.
The chemical equilibrium problems can be solved with the help of equilibrium constant value and ICE table ( initial, change and equilibrium concentration values).