Nanotechnology is an advanced field of study of materials and things on subatomic levels - atoms and molecules. It is the design, production and development of structures of size and shape at nanometer scale. Nanotechnology manipulates the dimension of matter sized from 1 to 100 nanometers. The application of nanotechnology is diverse in the field of semiconductors, energy science, molecular biology and energy storage.
Question 1: The melting point of nanoparticles ___________.
a) increases b) decreases
c) both (a) and (b) d) none of these
Answer: decreases
Explanation: In nanoparticles, as the dimensions come in the nano range, the melting point reduces significantly. Therefore, the melting point of nanoparticles decreases.
Question 2: A one atom sheet of carbon is known as __________.
a) graphene b) graphite
c) diamond d) none of these
Answer: graphene
Explanation: Graphene is one atom thick layer of carbon that is extremely strong and conducts electricity.
Question 3: __________ is the most important property of nanomaterial.
a) Pressure b) Temperature
c) Hardness d) Friction
Answer: Friction
Explanation: Nanotechnology helps in reducing friction considerably and improves the durability of material.
Question 4: The size of atom of nanomaterial is nearly _________
a) 0.01 nm b) 0.1 nm
c) 10 nm d) 1 nm
Answer: 0.1 nm
Explanation: The size of atoms of nanomaterials ranges in the order of 0.1 nm. The smallest naturally occurring atom, helium, is 0.1 nm in size.
Question 5: _____________ are the class of structures made of rolled up carbon lattices.
a) Fullerenes b) Nanobars
c) Graphite d) Nanotubes
Answer: Nanotubes
Explanation: Nanotubes are hollow tubular nanostructures, which consist of multiple carbon layers wrapped to form a hollow core.
Question 6: Nanotechnology was introduced into modern physics by _____________
a) Albert Einstein b) Max Planck
c) Richard Feymann d) Issac Newton
Answer: Richard Feymann
Explanation: Physicist Richard Feymann introduced the concept of nanotechnology in 1959.
Question 7: The ratio of ___________ and __________ describes the efficiency of nano substances.
a) surface area, volume. b) pressure, volume
c) weight, volume d) volume, weight
Answer: surface area, volume.
Explanation: The large surface area to volume ratio in nanomaterials enhances the performance of nanomaterials. These are highly desirable in the chemical reactions inside batteries and catalysts.
Question 8: Which of the following fields complement the study of nanoscience and nanotechnology?
a) Newtonian mechanics b) Classical mechanics
c) Quantum mechanics d) All of these
Answer: Quantum mechanics
Explanation: Nanotechnology utilises quantum mechanics to study different effects in nanoparticles at a very small scale. Quantum nanoscience is the intersecting space of science at quantum and nano levels.
Question 9: Which of the following processes of material is described as nanotechnology?
a) Consolidation b) Separation
c) Processing d) All of these
Answer: All of these
Explanation: Nanotechnology, as defined by Professor N. Taniguchi, consists of the processing, separation, consolidation and deformation of materials by one atom or by one molecule.
Question 10: When semiconductors are reduced to the nano form, they become ____________.
a) pure semiconductor b) conductor
c) insulator d) none of these
Answer: insulator
Explanation: When semiconductors are reduced to the nano form, their chemical properties change and there are no spaces available for free electrons to move. Therefore, it becomes an insulator.